The latest tsunami that occurred in the Pacific Ocean is a major concern for many surrounding countries, especially for countries located on the “Pacific Ring of Fire”. This natural phenomenon is often triggered by seismic activity, such as strong earthquakes on the sea floor. In recent months, several important events have occurred, adding to the historical record of this disaster in the region. One significant event was the earthquake that rocked the island of Tonga in September 2023. With a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter Scale, the earthquake caused small tsunami waves, but enough to raise alarms in several nearby countries. The water surge reached a height of 1.5 meters, affecting the coastal areas of Tonga and Samoa. The local government immediately issued an early warning, helping residents to evacuate risky areas. On the other hand, Indonesia also reported an increase in seismic activity in the Pacific Ocean region. An earthquake measuring 6.8 on the Richter Scale occurred off the coast of Sumatra in October 2023. Although no large tsunami was generated, the threat remains, forcing the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) to update its tsunami warning protocols. Districts located near the coast are advised to be prepared and carry out evacuation simulations. Another country that is also receiving attention is Japan, which is always alert to the potential for a tsunami. In August 2023, the southern region of Japan was affected by sea waves due to an earthquake in the Pacific Region, although the intensity was not enough to trigger a large tsunami. However, relevant institutions continue to carry out strict supervision, as well as educating the public about safety measures. Factors contributing to tsunami risk in the Pacific Ocean also include climate change and human activities. Climate change can affect weather patterns and ocean waves, potentially increasing the risk of disasters. Therefore, ongoing research and monitoring is of paramount importance for countries along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Modern technology, such as satellite-based early warning systems, is increasingly improving countries’ ability to respond quickly. Public education is also a key element in mitigating tsunami risk. Awareness campaigns were carried out in countries such as Fiji and Papua New Guinea, which are often the first to be directly affected by tsunamis. Residents are taught to recognize the early signs of a tsunami and proper evacuation procedures. These programs aim to reduce loss of life and ensure community safety when a disaster occurs. The experience of countries that have faced tsunamis, such as the Tōhoku tsunami in Japan in 2011, shows the importance of effective disaster planning and rapid response from relevant institutions. Best practices in disaster management must be studied and applied in other regions to improve preparedness. Thus, the recent tsunami event in the Pacific Ocean highlights the importance of international collaboration in disaster research, monitoring and mitigation. Amid the threat of climate change and seismic activity, partnerships between countries on the Pacific Ring of Fire are key to protecting communities and reducing the impact of future tsunamis.
